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Fertility Treatment Options For Men
Today, fertility problems are not just related to women. When we mention the word infertility, the first thought we get is female infertility. But this is not so any longer. A large percentage of men also face fertility issues. The ratio gap between men and women with fertility inconsistencies is closing in at a fast pace.
Male fertility issues are common among young couples. It's important to remember that men play a crucial role in pregnancy, as male infertility accounts for half of all fertility problems. Many men face similar challenges, and infertility is a valid cause for concern that may require treatment.
Male Fertility Problems
Male infertility begins with an evaluation. The most common is a semen analysis test. There are many causes for male infertility, and the problem may stem from the quality of the sperm to the ability to ejaculate the sperm. From puberty onwards, men continue to produce sperm.
"The semen analysis test reveals sperm quality and potential issues like abnormalities and low sperm count. Male infertility treatment is categorized based on the specific problem."
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Get A Second OpinionNonsurgical Fertility Treatment
Many male infertility problems can be rectified with therapy and medication. Some of the more common issues and their solutions are:
Spinal Cord Injury
- Impact on Fertility:
- Hinders normal ejaculatory ability
- Affects sperm production
- Causes blockage in sperm passage
- This leads to infections in the ejaculatory tract
- Treatment:
- Therapy and medication
- In some cases, permanent infertility may require sperm retrieval or surgery
- Electro Ejaculation Therapy (EEJ): Successful technique for retrieving sperm in spinal cord injury cases
- Other techniques for harvesting sperm from the vas deferens or epididymis
Electroejaculation Therapy (EEJ)
- Purpose: Assists men with ejaculation problems due to nerve issues
- Conditions Benefiting from EEJ:
- Diabetes
- Multiple sclerosis
- Pelvic surgery
- Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection
- Effectiveness:
- Helps men with loss of orgasm and ejaculation failure
- Up to 90% success in sperm retrieval
- Usage of Retrieved Sperm:
- Fertility treatments with IUI or IVF
- Fertility preservation through sperm freezing
Hormone Deficiency
- Impact: Lack of male hormone leads to sperm deficiency
- Treatment: Externally administering the required hormone to stimulate sperm production
Sperm Abnormality
- Issue: High concentration of abnormal sperm
- Treatment:
- Prescription of clomiphene citrate (Clomid)
- Improvement in sperm quality, count, and motility
- Additional Notes:
- Clomid stimulates the pituitary gland to release the male hormone
- Some genetic cases of low sperm count and poor motility may not respond to medication
- Gene therapy offers future potential for treatment
General Recommendations for Low Sperm Count and Poor-Quality Sperm
- Fertility treatment is often recommended for successful conception
Surgical Treatment For Male Fertility
Some conditions of male infertility need surgery to restore or rectify the problem that is hindering the release of sperm or semen. This problem could be due to an obstruction or blockage in the ejaculatory tract.
Surgical retrieval of sperm is also a procedure used in cases where the male is not able to ejaculate sperm or has an irreparable problem that will not allow his sperm to be ejaculated.
Varicocele Ligation
- Condition: Enlarged veins above the scrotum.
- Impact: Hampers fertility by inhibiting sperm movement.
- Surgery: Ligate varicocele veins.
- Outcome: Improves sperm movement and increases chances of conception with good sperm quality.
Surgical Sperm Retrieval
- Use Cases: No sperm in semen due to blockage or vasectomy.
- Procedure: Minimally invasive; sperm extracted directly from testes.
- Techniques: Various techniques based on case severity and history.
- Anesthesia: Local or general, depending on technique.
- Usage: Retrieved sperm used for IVF with ICSI or frozen for future use.
MESA Fertility Treatment
- MESA (Microscopic Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) is a microsurgical technique in which the sperm is extracted from the epididymis by making a small opening in the skin. The epididymis is where the sperm is stored after it is produced.
TESE Treatment
- TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction) is a microsurgical technique in which testes tissue samples are removed. A small incision is made in the testes, which allows the removal of the tissue. The sperm is then removed from the tissue.
- Micro TESE is a procedure in which high magnification is used to search for the sperm in the tissue. This is required in cases where the sperm concentration is very low, and the person has a very small quantity of sperm available.
PESA Fertility Treatment
- PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) is a technique in which a needle is used to extract sperm directly from the epididymis.
- PTBX (Percutaneous Testicular Biopsy) is a procedure in which small cores of the testes tissue is removed. This is performed using a hollow needle.
- Transurethral Resection of Ejaculatory Duct: Sometimes, a man is not able to ejaculate sperm, which could be due to a blockage in the ejaculatory duct. He may ejaculate semen or a reduced quantity of semen. His semen may contain a reduced concentration of sperm or no sperm at all, depending on the location of the blockage and the extent of the blockage.
- The transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct is a procedure in which the obstruction is surgically removed, allowing the free passage of the semen and the sperm for ejaculation.
Case Study on Male Infertility
Ajay had azoospermia due to a blockage in his ejaculatory duct discovered 11 years ago. After learning about transurethral resection surgery last year, he underwent successful surgery to clear the blockage. His wife, aged 37, tried IUI without success and then opted for IVF at Medicover Fertility Clinic. After nearly 12 years of infertility, they welcomed their baby.
- Transurethral Resection of the Seminal Vesicles:
- Removes cysts or obstructions from seminal vesicles
- Restores production and flow of seminal fluid
- Medicover Fertility Clinic Services:
- Offers various surgical retrieval techniques for male infertility
- Determines treatment based on comprehensive diagnosis and tests
- Sperm Retrieval and Usage:
- Retrieved sperm used immediately or frozen for future fertility treatments
H2 Male Fertility Treatment Cost
There are some different assisted reproductive fertility treatment techniques. The type of fertility treatment used depends on the type and the severity of the male infertility problem.
H3: Infertility Treatment Overview:
- Female Fertility Issues: Treatment depends on conditions like ovulation problems or blocked fallopian tubes.
- IVF Recommendation: Often suggested if female fertility issues are present.
- Semen Analysis: Conducted to assess sperm quality before deciding on treatment.
- Treatment Effectiveness: Some options may not work if sperm quality is poor.
The type of treatment is tailored to both female and male fertility factors.
H2 IUI TREATMENT
In cases where the male partner has a low concentration of sperm in the semen or no sperm in the semen, the sperm is retrieved by a sperm retrieval technique. This sperm now needs to meet the female egg for conception.
Intra-uterine Insemination (IUI) Overview
- An IUI common technique for male fertility issues
- Thriving with a healthy female partner and good sperm quality (≥ 15 million sperm/mL)
- Suitable for low sperm count with good sperm quality
Procedure
- Sperm injected into female uterus before ovulation
- Catheter insertion through the cervix into the uterus
- Simple, non-invasive, quick, and painless
- Requires no special preparation or infrastructure
H2 IVF TREATMENT
The IVF treatment comprises out-of-body fertilisation of the female egg and male sperm. The mature eggs are extracted from the female partner’s ovaries. The egg is placed in a dish with about 50,000 sperm. The healthiest and best sperm will penetrate and fertilise the egg. The embryo that is formed after fertilisation is then transferred to the female partner’s uterus after a few days.
The IVF treatment is recommended in cases where the female partner may have fertility problems like ovulation problems, hormonal imbalance, blocked fallopian tubes or some other problem that is hindering her from conceiving through the IUI technique.
H2 ICSI
There are some cases of severe male infertility where the number of sperm is limited, or the quality of the sperm is very poor. In these cases, fertilisation does not happen naturally by placing the sperm together with the egg in a dish. These patients require a more specific fertilisation technique like the ICSI.
Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
- Technique: A single sperm is selected and injected directly into the female egg.
- Process: The sperm does not need to penetrate the egg but proceeds to fertilize it.
- Success: High fertilization success rate due to direct sperm placement.
- Benefit: An effective assisted reproductive method for couples seeking biological children.
Ready to take control of your health journey? Book your appointment now and start your path towards wellness today!
Book an AppointmentMedicover Fertility In India
Medicover is a leading fertility solution provider with a global presence, adhering to international quality and service standards. As a European brand, it offers some of the best infrastructure and facilities for fertility treatment in India.
- Certified Doctors: All Medicover doctors are internationally certified, with many having years of international experience.
- Advanced Facilities: The clinic provides a range of treatment options for men with various infertility conditions.
- Sperm Retrieval and Preservation: Techniques and facilities are available in-house.
- Specialized Treatments: Medicover specializes in advanced fertility treatments using the latest technological procedures to assist childless couples with severe infertility conditions.
Men who have lost hope after visiting numerous fertility clinics can renew their hope at Medicover, where they offer comprehensive and advanced solutions to help couples achieve their dream of having children.
Frequently Asked Questions
A surgical procedure to ligate the varicocele veins will help to improve the sperm concentration in your semen.
If the sperm retrieval process resulted in a small quantity of sperm being retrieved, you could opt for ICSI treatment. It is a newer technology advanced fertility treatment with a high fertilisation success rate.
Micro TESE is a surgical procedure in which a small incision is made in the testes to check for the presence of sperm. This type of sperm retrieval is recommended only in cases with very low sperm presence. It is a safe treatment to have and will help to retrieve any sperm that you may have.
If the quality of the sperm is good, and the sperm are healthy, an active IUI is recommended.
Azoospermia is the total lack of sperm in the semen. You can have a sperm retrieval procedure to retrieve the sperm directly from the testes. Most men who do not ejaculate sperm still produce sperm. Donor sperm is another option available to you.
Problems like low sperm count, poor sperm movement, or blockages in the tubes carrying sperm can cause infertility.
Doctors do a sperm test to check the number, shape, and movement of sperm.
Some people try vitamins and supplements, but it’s best to talk to a doctor before starting any treatment.
Couples might consider using donor sperm or adoption if treatments aren’t successful.
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