How To Perform CPR? Here's All You Need To Know

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, commonly known as CPR, is a life-saving technique that can significantly improve a person's chances of survival in a cardiac emergency. Whether you're a healthcare professional or a bystander, having the knowledge and skills to perform CPR can make a critical difference in saving someone's life.

In this comprehensive guide, we'll walk you through the step-by-step process of performing CPR, the importance of early intervention, and some essential tips to keep in mind.

Why is it Important?

CPR is a crucial technique used to maintain blood circulation and provide oxygen to vital organs when a person's heart has stopped beating or is not effectively pumping blood.

This lack of circulation can occur due to various reasons, such as cardiac arrest, drowning, choking, or trauma. Immediate initiation of CPR can help sustain blood flow to the brain and other organs until professional medical assistance arrives.

Check the Scene Safety
Before you rush in to perform CPR, ensure the safety of the surrounding environment. Make sure there are no immediate dangers that could harm you or the victim.

Assess Responsiveness
Gently tap the victim and shout loudly, "Are you okay?" If there is no response, the person is unresponsive, and you need to proceed to the next step.

Call for Help
If there's someone else around, ask them to call emergency services immediately. If you're alone, call for help before starting CPR.

Open the Airway
Gently tilt the person's head back slightly to open the airway. This will help ensure that the person's breathing passage is clear.

Check for Breathing
Place your ear close to the person's mouth and nose, and look for chest rise and fall. If the person is not breathing or only gasping, you need to start CPR.

Begin Chest Compressions
Place the heel of your hand on the center of the person's chest (between the nipples). Place your other hand on top of the first hand, interlocking your fingers. Keep your elbows straight and your shoulders directly above your hands. Push down hard and fast, at least 2 inches deep and at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.

Give Rescue Breaths
After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths. Tilt the person's head back slightly again to open the airway. Pinch the person's nose shut and cover their mouth with yours, creating an airtight seal. Give a breath that causes the chest to rise visibly. Repeat this process for a total of two rescue breaths.

Continue Compressions and Breaths
Alternate between 30 chest compressions and two rescue breaths. Continue this cycle until professional help arrives or the person starts breathing on their own.

When to Perform CPR

Knowing when to perform CPR is crucial for effective intervention. Perform CPR if:

• The person is unresponsive and not breathing or only gasping.
• The person has no pulse.
• You are trained in CPR, and it is safe to proceed.

How to Perform CPR

Steps to Perform CPR:

• Check Responsiveness: Gently shake the person and shout, "Are you okay?" If there is no response, proceed to the next step.
• Call for Help: If you're alone, call emergency services before starting CPR. If there are others around, ask someone to call for help while you begin CPR.
• Position the Person: Place the person on their back on a firm, flat surface.
• Chest Compressions:
  • Place the heel of one hand on the center of the person's chest, between the nipples.
  • Place your other hand on top and interlock your fingers.
  • Keeping your arms straight, compress the chest at least 2 inches deep and at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
  • Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
• Rescue Breaths:
  • After 30 compressions, open the person's airway by tilting the head back and lifting the chin.
  • Pinch the nose shut and cover the person's mouth with yours, creating an airtight seal.
  • Give 2 breaths, each lasting about 1 second, making sure the chest rises with each breath.
• Continue CPR: Alternate between 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths until emergency help arrives or the person shows signs of life.

Conclusion

Mastering CPR is essential for anyone who may find themselves in a situation requiring emergency response. Understanding how to perform CPR and performing CPR correctly can significantly increase the chances of survival and recovery.

By knowing when to perform CPR, why we need CPR, and the precise steps involved, you can be prepared to act confidently and effectively in an emergency.

Frequently Asked Questions