The procedure of IVF involves multiple steps that are outlined during the consultation, and the initial stages of the treatment and a protocol are set. On a general basis, experts from top Test Tube baby centres in India state that such protocols mostly contain the following steps:
The patients are given stimulants and medications that stimulate the ovaries and trigger the production of ample amounts of eggs.
Retrieval of Eggs
Once the eggs have been produced sufficiently, a considerable amount of them are extracted by the doctor in the clinic and sent for analysis and examination.
The healthiest eggs are chosen for the treatment. Thereafter, they are placed in a special culture medium that mimics the inner conditions of the body after which they are used for the treatment or frozen as per the protocol.
Retrieval of Sperms
Sperms are also extracted from the male patient. This is usually carried out some hours before fertilization.
After extraction, the sperms are placed in a culture medium, mimicking the conditions inside the body of the patient.
Fertilization
The extracted eggs and sperms are placed in the same medium and allowed to fuse.
Once the fusion occurs, the resultant embryos are tested (PGD) for any abnormalities and approved for transfer.
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The embryos that have formed well and have passed the PGD (Pre-implantation Diagnosis) test are allowed to stay in the culture medium and develop up to the blastocyst stage.
The healthiest blastocysts are carefully placed inside the mother’s uterus to initiate a pregnancy, state several IVF specialists.
Implantation
Once a healthy embryo has been placed inside the uterus, it implants itself into the uterine wall or endometrium and starts to grow. This process results in pregnancy.
Frequently Asked Questions
IVF is a fertility procedure in which a woman's eggs are removed from her ovaries, fertilized in a lab with sperm, and then placed into her uterus.
First, medications are given to stimulate egg production. Afterwards, sperm is extracted from the eggs and fertilized them in a lab. Ultimately, the uterus is filled with embryos.
Ovarian stimulation, egg harvesting, laboratory fertilization, embryo culture, and embryo transfer into the uterus are all steps in the process.
The IVF process typically takes several weeks, including preparation, ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilization, and embryo transfer.
Risks include multiple births (twins or more), ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), ectopic pregnancy, and potential emotional stress.