Nerve Conduction Study Test

A Nerve Conduction Study Test (NCV) evaluates how effectively and quickly electrical signals travel through your nerves. This test, often paired with an electromyography (EMG), helps assess the health of your nerves and muscles Weakness, diagnosing potential abnormalities.

Why is the test performed?

The Nerve Conduction Study Test is essential for detecting nerve damage or destruction. It helps diagnose various nerve or muscle conditions, including:

Diabetic neuropathy
Bell palsy
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Brachial plexopathy
Lambert-Eaton syndrome
Myasthenia gravis
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome

How is the test conducted?

The procedure involves placing adhesive patches called surface electrodes on the skin over nerves or muscles. A mild electrical impulse is sent through these electrodes or a portable stimulator to activate the nerve.

The electrodes record the nerve's electrical activity.
The speed of nerve signals is calculated based on the time it takes for impulses to travel between electrodes and the distance they cover.
Multiple nerves may be tested during the procedure.

If required, an electromyography (EMG) is performed alongside. This involves inserting a needle into the muscle to record its activity during contraction.

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What happens during the test?

The electrical impulse may feel like a mild electric shock, which can cause slight discomfort depending on the strength of the impulse.
During an EMG, a needle is inserted into the muscle, and you may feel some pain or discomfort.
After the test, slight muscle soreness or bruising may occur at the needle insertion site.

How to Prepare for the Test?

Maintain a normal body temperature, as cold temperatures can interfere with results.
Inform your doctor if you have implanted devices like a pacemaker, defibrillator, or deep brain stimulator. Extra precautions might be necessary in such cases.
Avoid applying lotions, moisturizers, sunscreen, or perfume on the day of the test, as they may affect the test's accuracy.

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Understanding Results

Normal Outcomes

The speed of nerve conduction depends on the nerve's diameter and myelination (the myelin sheath surrounding the nerve).
Normal values for adults differ from those of newborns, whose values are approximately half of an adult’s.
Normal ranges can vary between laboratories, so discuss your results with your doctor for accurate interpretation.

Abnormal Findings

The most common cause of aberrant findings is nerve injury or destruction, which includes:

Axonopathy (damage to the long portion of the nerve cell)
Demyelination (damage and loss of the fatty coating around the nerve cell)

Several different disorders can cause nerve injury or destruction, including:

Diabetes
Uremia (from kidney failure)
Traumatic nerve injury
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Diphtheria
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Brachial plexopathy
Chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy
Primary amyloidosis
Secondary systemic amyloidosis

What are the Risks of NCV Tests?

The Nerve Conduction Study Test is a safe procedure with minimal risks. Some patients may experience:

Slight discomfort or tingling from the electrical impulses.
Temporary muscle soreness or bruising after an EMG.
Serious complications are rare. However, to ensure a safe test, inform your doctor about any underlying health conditions.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How is nerve conduction velocity measured?

NCV is measured by placing electrodes on the skin over the nerve being tested. A small electric shock is then applied to the nerve, and the electrodes record the resulting electrical activity.

What is normal nerve conduction velocity?

Normal NCV values can vary depending on the nerve and individual being tested. Generally, a normal NCV value is between 50 and 60 meters per second (m/s) for sensory nerves and between 40 and 50 m/s for motor nerves.

What are some conditions that can affect nerve conduction velocity?

NCV can be affected by a number of conditions, including nerve damage, nerve compression, autoimmune disorders, and genetic disorders. Some examples of conditions that can affect NCV include carpal tunnel syndrome, and Guillain-Barre syndrome.

What are the risks of nerve conduction velocity testing?

NCV testing is generally considered safe, but there is a small risk of infection at the site where the electrodes are placed. Some people may also experience mild discomfort or pain during the test.

Is nerve conduction velocity testing painful?

NCV testing may cause some discomfort or mild pain, as the electric shock that stimulates the nerve can feel like a mild electrical jolt. However, the discomfort should be brief and generally subsides quickly once the test ends.

Can nerve conduction velocity testing diagnose nerve damage?

NCV testing can help diagnose nerve damage or nerve-related disorders, but it is not always definitive. Other tests, such as electromyography (EMG) or imaging tests, may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

What is the cost of a nerve conduction velocity test?

The cost of a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test ranges from Rs. 1500 to Rs. 3500, depending on the location, Hospital and specific requirements. Accurate results are crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. Schedule your NCV test at Medicover Hospitals for reliable services.

Where can I get a conduction velocity test?

You can undergo a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test at Medicover Hospitals. Equipped with advanced diagnostic technology, our facilities ensure accurate and efficient testing to support your health journey.