What is the Peripheral Blood Smear test?
A peripheral blood smear (PBS) test is a procedure used by doctors to evaluate your red and white blood cells, as well as your platelets. Your doctor may order a peripheral blood smear in addition to a CBC (complete blood count) or if your CBC shows abnormal blood cell activity. A microscopic examination of your cells may help the doctor determine how and why your blood cells appear abnormal and aid in assessing your health condition.
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Get A Second OpinionWhat are the uses of peripheral blood smear tests?
The peripheral blood smear test has several uses, including:
- Diagnosis of anaemia : The test can help identify different types of anaemia by examining the size, shape, and number of red blood cells.
- Detection of infections : The test can help diagnose infections by identifying abnormal white blood cells or microorganisms such as bacteria or parasites.
- Diagnosis of blood cancers : The test can detect abnormal or immature blood cells that may indicate a blood cancer such as leukemia or lymphoma.
- Monitoring of chemotherapy : The test can be used to monitor the effects of chemotherapy on blood cell counts and to detect any complications that may arise.
- Evaluation of bleeding disorders : The test can help diagnose bleeding disorders such as thrombocytopenia by examining the number and function of platelets.
- Evaluation of bone marrow disorders : The test can help identify abnormalities in the bone marrow that may be causing blood cell disorders.
- Screening for inherited blood disorders : The test can be used to screen for inherited blood disorders such as sickle cell disease or thalassemia.
How are peripheral blood smear tests performed?
A healthcare professional will prick a finger and take a small sample of blood. This test is performed by spreading a drop of your blood onto a glass plate and forming it into a thin film. They use chemicals to examine the particular properties of blood cells. The sample is next examined under a microscope.
Understanding results of peripheral blood smear test
Understanding the results of a peripheral blood smear test requires knowledge of the different types of blood cells and their characteristics. Here are some key components of the test and what their results might indicate:
- Red blood cells (RBCs) : The test will examine the size, shape, and number of RBCs. Abnormalities in RBCs can indicate anaemia, bone marrow disorders, or other conditions affecting blood cell production.
- White blood cells (WBCs) : The test will count the number of WBCs and examine their size, shape, and type. Abnormalities in WBCs can indicate infections, inflammation, or blood cancers.
- Platelets : The test will count the number and size of platelets. Abnormalities in platelets can indicate bleeding disorders or bone marrow disorders.
- Haemoglobin : The test will measure the amount of haemoglobin in the blood, which carries oxygen to the body's tissues. Low haemoglobin levels can indicate anaemia.
- Hematocrit : A haematocrit test measures the proportion of red blood cells in your blood. Low hematocrit levels can indicate anaemia.
- Differential : The test will provide a breakdown of the different types of WBCs and their percentages. This can help diagnose specific types of infections or blood cancers.
It's important to note that the results of a peripheral blood smear test should be interpreted in the context of the individual's medical history and other diagnostic tests. A healthcare provider or haematologist can help interpret the results and develop a treatment plan if necessary.
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Book an AppointmentFrequently Asked Questions
A peripheral blood smear is a diagnostic test used to examine the cells of a person's blood under a microscope. The test involves placing a drop of blood on a microscope slide and staining it with special dyes to help visualize the cells.
A peripheral blood smear test can be used to diagnose a variety of conditions, including anaemia, infections, and blood cancers. It can also provide information about the size, shape, and number of different types of blood cells, which can help diagnose and monitor certain diseases.
A healthcare professional will use a lancet or needle to prick the person's finger or heel and collect a small amount of blood. The blood is then smeared onto a microscope slide, stained, and examined under a microscope.
The test involves a small prick to the finger or heel, which may cause some discomfort or a slight pinching sensation. However, the test is generally not considered painful.
The test is considered safe and generally does not have any risks or side effects.
The results of a peripheral blood smear test are usually available within a few hours to a few days, depending on the healthcare facility and the urgency of the situation.
A trained healthcare professional, such as a medical laboratory technologist or a physician, can perform a peripheral blood smear test.
The frequency of the test depends on the individual's medical history and condition. A healthcare provider will recommend the appropriate testing schedule based on the person's needs.
The cost of a peripheral blood smear ranges between Rs. 100 to Rs. 200. The price can vary from place to place.
You can get a peripheral blood smear test at Medicover Hospitals.
