SGPT Test: Preparation, Procedure, Results and Risks
Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) is a liver enzyme. ALT enzymes are usually released into the bloodstream when liver cells are destroyed. The SGPT test determines the level of ALT in the blood. High levels of SGPT in the blood may be a signal of liver problems even before you develop symptoms of liver disease, such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). The SGPT test may be useful in early diagnosis of liver disease. The SGPT test helps doctors compare the results to the SGPT test normal range to assess liver health.
Other names for an SGPT test are:
- Alanine Transaminase (ALT)
- GPT
- Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase
Cost of SGPT Test
The cost of the SGPT test may vary depending on the location, type of healthcare facility, and additional services provided. Across India, it typically ranges between ₹200 and ₹800.
Factors affecting the SGPT test price include:
- Laboratory infrastructure and reputation.
- Availability of advanced diagnostic equipment.
- Additional diagnostic tests bundled with the SGPT test.
For an accurate estimate of the SGPT test price in your city, contact your nearest diagnostic center or hospital. For your convenience, most labs provide same-day results.
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Get A Second OpinionWhat does an SGPT test measure?
An alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test determines the level of ALT in the blood. Although ALT levels might rise when the liver is damaged, healthcare providers frequently perform an ALT blood test to check the liver's health.
While many other forms of liver disease can cause ALT levels to rise, healthcare experts do not depend solely on this test to diagnose conditions. This blood test is commonly included in a panel of blood tests, such as a liver enzyme panel (HFP or LFT) or a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP). A blood panel examines multiple characteristics of the blood with a single sample and can provide more detailed information about the overall health.
Who should get an SGPT test?
The SGPT test is commonly used to determine whether a person has liver damage or failure. If you have any of the following liver disease symptoms, the doctor may advise you to undergo an SGPT test.
- Jaundice
- Dark urine
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Abdomen pain
The SGPT test is usually performed in conjunction with other liver enzyme tests. Monitoring the values in conjunction with other liver enzyme levels can offer the doctor valuable and more precise information about liver disease. The test will be performed as part of a standard checkup or if someone has risk factors for liver disease, such as:
- Family history
- Heavy alcohol use
- Exposure to hepatitis
- Taking certain medications
- Diabetes
Other reasons to perform an SGPT test, include:
- Monitoring the progression of liver disease such as hepatitis or liver failure.
- Considering whether or not to begin therapy for liver illness.
- Assessing how well the treatment is performing.
What are the Preparations Needed For the SGPT Test?
The SGPT test does not necessitate any additional preparation. In any case, inform the doctor about any prescription or over-the-counter medications you are taking. Certain drugs may affect the levels of ALT in the blood. The doctor may advise you to refrain from taking certain medications for a while before the test.
SGPT Test Procedure
- During the Test:
- A healthcare provider cleans the inner arm with an alcohol swab.
- A needle is inserted into a vein, and a blood sample is collected in a test tube.
- You may feel a small prick during the process.
- The needle is removed, and the site is covered with cotton or a bandage.
- After the Test:
- The blood sample is sent to the lab for analysis.
- Results are usually available within a day.
- Duration:
- The procedure takes 5-10 minutes.
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Book an AppointmentWhat are the risks of an SGPT blood test?
An SGPT blood test is a routine procedure with minimal risks. However, some individuals may experience:
- Mild Discomfort: A slight pinch or prick when the needle is inserted.
- Bruising: Minor bruising may occur at the needle insertion site.
- Bleeding: Occasionally, bleeding continues for a short time after the test.
- Dizziness: Rarely, some individuals may feel lightheaded or faint during or after the procedure.
- Infection: Though extremely rare, there is a slight risk of infection at the puncture site.
These side effects are usually temporary and resolve quickly without any medical intervention.
SGPT Results
The SGPT test measures the level of alanine transaminase (ALT) in the blood, providing insights into liver function. Normal levels indicate healthy liver function, while elevated levels may suggest liver damage or disease.
- Normal Range: 13 to 69 U/L (units per liter), with men usually having slightly higher values.
- Mild Elevation: May result from alcohol consumption, certain medications, or muscle strain.
- Moderate Elevation: Can indicate fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, or metabolic disorders.
- High Elevation: May signal serious liver conditions like acute or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, or autoimmune liver diseases.
- Considerations: Medication, supplements, and physical activity can influence ALT levels. Further testing is required for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
