Learn Everything About Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) - Book Slot
Thrombosis is a condition in which blood vessels get clogged (partial or complete blockage) due to the formation of clots in the blood. There are two primary sites of thrombosis:
-
Venous thrombosis: When a
blood clot
obstructs a vein, it is called venous thrombosis. Blood is returned to the heart by veins from the body.
-
Arterial thrombosis: When a blood clot obstructs an artery, it is called arterial thrombosis. Oxygen-rich blood is transported from the heart to the body by arteries.
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Thrombosis signs and symptoms
Symptoms can differ according to the site of thrombosis. Some signs and symptoms are:
- Chest pain.
- Limb claudication i.e. aching leg usually calf and thigh.
- Paralysis i.e. One side of the body feeling weak or numb.
- Severe Headache and sudde lossof consciousness.
- Pain in the abdomen.
- Vision loss .
- Blackening of fingers and toes
- Difficulty in breathing
Thrombosis symptoms can resemble other medical conditions. Thrombosis can be diagnosed by blood tests, USG with doppler, CT scan and MRI etc. For accurate diagnosis of thrombosis and treatment, consult Medicover Hospitals.
When to see a doctor?
Visit a doctor if you experience:
- Chest pain i.e Angina
- Difficulty in
breathing
- Debilitating Limb pain
-
Weakness
of upper limb or lower limb
- Numbness of your face, arm, or leg
- Sudden onset Headache
Get the best treatment for Thrombosis from the best team of doctors including Cardiologist, Hematologist, Physicians etc at Medicover Hospitals.
Causes
Venous Thrombosis may be caused by:
- Vein or artery damage or illness in the legs e.g Varicose veins
- Immobilisation for a long time or inability to move.
- A fractured limb (fracture) or
limb swelling
- Long air travel
- Obesity
- Disorders that run in families or a higher chance of developing a specific condition due to genetic tendency
- Autoimmune diseases that increase the risk of blood clots
- Medications that raise your clotting risk (such as certain birth control medicines).
Risk factors
Risk factors for venous thrombosis are:
- A family history of
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- Ongoing hormone therapy
- Birth control pills
- Bone fractures
- Trauma
- Pregnancy
- Inherited blood clotting disorders
- Permanent venous catheters
- Older age
- Smoking
- Being overweight
- Injury to a vein, such as from surgery, a broken bone, or other trauma.
- Cancer
- Heart disease and lung disease
- Bowel diseases i.e Crohn's
disease
Arterial Thrombosis: An artery hardening known as arteriosclerosis may be the cause of arterial thrombosis. This occurs when calcium or fatty deposits thicken the arterial walls. As a result, fatty deposits known as plaque may begin to accumulate in the arterial walls. This plaque has the potential to rupture suddenly, followed by a blood clot.
Risk factors for arterial thrombosis are:
- Obesity
- Smoking
-
Diabetes and Hypertension
-
High cholesterol
High cholesterol
- Fat rich diet
- Family history of arterial thrombosis due to genetic blood clotting disorders
- Older age
- Cancer
- Medications e.g Hormone therapy, immunomodulators, Vaccines etc
Complications of thrombosis?
Blood flow can be obstructed by thrombosis in both veins and arteries. Depending on where the thrombosis occurs, there may be complications. The most severe issues are heart attack, stroke, and pulmonary embolism i.e severe breathing difficulty, deep venous thrombosis etc .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is done by analyzing the medical history and then physical examination . Other tests are as follows:
Ultrasound with doppler
Ultrasound
with doppler: The blood flow in your arteries and veins is evaluated using sound waves in this test
Blood test
Blood test:
Tests to determine the formation of blood clots.
Venography and Angiography
A dye is injected into the veins and arteries for this test. In order to see blood flow and check for clots, X-rays are then obtained. Your blood vessels are easier to notice on
X-rays
because of the dye.
CT, MRA, or MRI imaging
The type of blood clot you have and its location will be determined by the imaging technique that is employed.
Treatment
Your medical professional will develop a treatment strategy for you based on the following factors:
- Age
- General health
- Medical background
- Severity of your condition
- Your symptoms
- How successfully you respond to specific medications, and therapies.
- Probability of complications in your case
Treatment options include:
-
Medications - To prevent new clot formation the doctor will prescribe medicines that thin the blood (known as anticoagulants)
-
Catheter mediated drug delivery - To enlarge the impacted vessels narrow catheters will be inserted and drugs will be delivered to dissolve the clot
-
Stents- These are wire mesh tubes that keep blood vessels open and prevent them from closing.
- Medicines that disrupt or dissolve the already formed
blood clots.
- The doctor might also suggest some alternative therapies.
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Do’s and Don’ts
With ongoing treatment and medication thrombosis patient should follow the mentioned do's and dont's:
|
Do’s
|
Don’ts
|
| Take prescribed medicines regularly. |
Ignore thrombosis signs and symptoms. |
| Eat plenty of fruits & vegetables. |
Self-medicate |
| Perform some leg exercises and yoga. |
Smoke or drink alcohol. |
| Manage other health problems such as blood sugar levels, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol levels. |
Forget to take regular doctor visits and checkups. |
Care At Medicover
At Medicover hospitals, we have the most experienced group of doctors and specialists who have expertise in offering the finest treatment outcome to our patients. To treat thrombosis, we have top Cardiologists and hematologists who provide a holistic approach to treatment for a patient. Our specialists work collaboratively for a patient’s overall health, treatment, recovery, and well-being.
Citations
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673698102660
