What is Hay Fever?
Hay fever, or allergic rhinitis, presents cold-like symptoms such as:
- Runny nose
- Itchy eyes
- Congestion
- Sneezing
- Sinus pressure
Unlike a cold, hay fever is triggered by an allergic reaction to harmless substances, known as allergens, found outdoors or indoors.
Typical allergens, like pollen and dust mites, can induce hay fever symptoms. This condition, beyond mere discomfort, can significantly disrupt work, school, and overall daily life.
Secure your health with a second opinion. Make informed decisions and book your appointment today!
Get A Second OpinionWhat are the symptoms of hay fever?
There are some common hay fever symptoms such as:
What are the causes of hay fever?
There are some common hay fever causes, such as:
- Immune system misidentification
- Harmless substance deemed dangerous (allergen)
- Creation of IgE antibodies
- Allergen exposure triggers an immune response
- Release of histamine into the bloodstream
Immune system misidentification
The immune system mistakenly identifies harmless substances (allergens) as harmful invaders.
Harmless substance deemed dangerous (allergen)
Common allergens include pollen, dust, and mold spores, which are typically harmless but trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.
Creation of IgE antibodies
When exposed to an allergen, the immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies specific to that allergen.
Allergen exposure triggers immune response
Upon re-exposure to the allergen, the IgE antibodies recognize it and signal the immune system to respond.
Release of histamine into the bloodstream
In response to the IgE signal, immune cells release histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream.
What are the risk factors for hay fever?
Some factors increase the risk of hay fever:
- Genetic factors
- Other allergies or asthma
- Second-hand smoke
Genetic factors
The risk is higher if a close family member has hay fever or another allergy.
Other allergies or asthma
For other allergies or asthma, the risk is greater if a close family member has hay fever or another allergy.
Second-hand smoke
Early exposure to cigarette smoke raises the risk of hay fever.
What are the complications of hay fever?
Complications of hay fever may include:
- Disturbed sleep
- Tiredness during the day
- Headaches
- Poor concentration
How is hay fever diagnosed?
Effective hay fever treatments encompass reducing trigger exposure and using prophylactic medications based on symptom severity. Over-the-counter options like decongestants, antihistamines, and nasal steroids provide relief, while eye drops target eye irritation.
Montelukast and nasal steroids are commonly prescribed to manage symptoms, with immunotherapy offering long-term benefits for some. In cases of persistent nasal blockage or polyps, sinus surgery may be considered for lasting relief.
When to See the Doctor?
Hay fever symptoms aren't usually dangerous. You don't need allergy testing to diagnose it. See a doctor if:
- Over-the-counter meds aren't helping after a week.
- Your symptoms are severe or lasting.
- You have asthma, making hay fever worse.
- Allergy meds have bad side effects.
- You're curious about allergy shots.
Dos and Don’ts
Spring's pollens trigger hay fever, disrupting sleep and work. To lessen symptoms, minimize allergen exposure and implement strategies during allergy season.
Do’s |
Don’ts |
|---|---|
| Keep windows closed at night to prevent pollen or molds from drifting into your home. | Spend too much time outside |
| Keep car windows closed when traveling. | Smoke |
| Take medicines as prescribed by your doctor | Dry clothes outside as they can catch pollen |
| Vacuum regularly and dust with a damp cloth | Self medicate if you suspect hay fever |
| Stay indoors whenever possible | Drink excessive alcohol |
Take care of yourself, sleep well, and rest to recover faster.
Care at Medicover Hospitals
At Medicover Hospitals, our top team treats Hay Fever and its symptoms with modern diagnostics and treatments for adults and infants, ensuring a speedy recovery through close patient monitoring.
