Lattice Degeneration: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Lattice degeneration is a thinning of the retina, which can lead to serious eye problems if not properly managed. It affects around 6-10% of the general population and is more common in people who are nearsighted. This article will explain the causes, symptoms, and treatments for lattice degeneration, focusing on laser treatment options.

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What is Lattice Degeneration?

Lattice degeneration is a condition where the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, becomes thin and develops a lattice-like pattern of crisscrossing lines. These lines are areas where the retina has thinned and weakened, making it more susceptible to tears or holes.

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Causes of Lattice Degeneration

The exact cause of lattice degeneration is not fully understood, but several factors may contribute to its development:

Genetics

A family history of lattice degeneration can increase your risk. This suggests that genetics play a significant role in the condition.

Nearsightedness (Myopia)

People who are nearsighted are more likely to develop lattice degeneration. The elongated shape of their eyes puts extra stress on the retina, leading to thinning.

Aging

As we age, our retinas naturally become thinner and more fragile. This can increase the likelihood of developing lattice degeneration.

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Symptoms of Lattice Degeneration

Lattice degeneration often has no symptoms, especially in its early stages. However, some signs may indicate the presence of this condition:

Flashes of Light

Seeing flashes of light in your peripheral vision can be a sign that the retina is under stress.

Floaters

These are small, shadowy shapes that float across your field of vision. They can be a sign of retinal detachment, a serious complication of lattice degeneration.

Vision Changes

Sudden changes in vision, such as blurred or distorted images, can indicate that the retina is being affected.

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Diagnosing Lattice Degeneration

Regular eye exams are crucial for diagnosing lattice degeneration. During an eye exam, an eye doctor will:

Dilate Your Pupils

Using special drops, your doctor will widen your pupils to get a better view of your retina.

Examine Your Retina

Using specialized instruments, your doctor will look for signs of thinning and the characteristic lattice pattern.

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Treatment Options for Lattice Degeneration

While there is no cure for lattice degeneration, several treatments can help manage the condition and prevent complications.

Observation

In many cases, if lattice degeneration is not causing any problems, doctors may recommend regular monitoring without immediate treatment. This involves frequent eye exams to catch any changes early.

Laser Treatment

Laser treatment is a common option for lattice degeneration that poses a risk of retinal tears or detachment.

How Does It Work?

A laser is used to create small burns around the area of lattice degeneration. These burns create scar tissue that helps to "weld" the retina to the underlying tissue, preventing tears or detachment.

Lattice Degeneration Laser Treatment Cost

The cost of laser treatment for lattice degeneration can vary. On average, it ranges from $500 to $1,500 per eye, depending on the complexity of the case and the location of the treatment.

Lattice Degeneration Laser Treatment Side Effects

Side effects of laser treatment are generally mild but can include:

Cryopexy

Cryopexy is another treatment option that uses extreme cold to create scar tissue around the areas of lattice degeneration, similar to laser treatment.

Scleral Buckling

In severe cases where retinal detachment occurs, scleral buckling may be necessary. This surgical procedure involves placing a silicone band arou nd the eye to push the retina back into place.

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Recovery and Aftercare

Recovery from lattice degeneration treatments varies depending on the type of treatment received.

Laser Surgery Recovery

Recovery from laser surgery is usually quick. Most people can return to normal activities within a few days. However, it's essential to follow your doctor's aftercare instructions, which may include:

Cryopexy and Scleral Buckling Recovery

Recovery from cryopexy and scleral buckling can take longer. You may need to take time off work and avoid certain activities to allow your eye to heal properly.

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Preventing Complications

To prevent complications from lattice degeneration, follow these tips:

Regular Eye Exams

Schedule regular eye exams to catch any changes in your retina early.

Protect Your Eyes

Wear protective eyewear during activities that could cause eye injuries, such as sports or home repairs.

Monitor Symptoms

Be aware of any changes in your vision and report them to your doctor immediately.