What is Obesity?

• Visceral Obesity: Visceral fat is fat stored deep within the abdominal cavity around internal organs, such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines. This kind of fat has been related to an increased risk of metabolic illnesses such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Visceral obesity is often characterized by a "beer belly" or "apple-shaped" body.
• Subcutaneous Obesity: Subcutaneous fat is located just beneath the skin. This form of fat is less metabolically active than visceral fat and is typically associated with a "pear-shaped" body. While excess subcutaneous fat can contribute to obesity, it may be less strongly linked to certain health risks compared to visceral fat.
• Android Obesity: Android obesity is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the abdominal area, resulting in an "apple-shaped" body. This type of obesity is more commonly seen in men and is associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease.
• Gynoid Obesity: Gynoid obesity is characterized by the fat accumulation in the hips and thighs, resulting in a "pear-shaped" body. This type of obesity is more commonly seen in women. While it may be less strongly associated with certain health risks compared to android obesity, it can still contribute to obesity-related health issues.
• Endogenous Obesity: Endogenous obesity refers to obesity that is primarily driven by internal factors such as genetics, hormonal imbalances, or metabolic disorders. This type of obesity may be challenging to manage through lifestyle changes alone and may require specialized medical care.
• Exogenous Obesity: Exogenous obesity results from external factors such as overeating, a sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary choices. It is often associated with an excessive calorie intake and lack of physical activity.
• Childhood Obesity: Obesity that occurs in children and adolescents is referred to as childhood obesity. It can have serious health consequences and may persist into adulthood if not addressed. Childhood obesity is often linked to poor diet, lack of physical activity, and genetics.
• Morbid Obesity: Morbid obesity is a severe form of obesity characterized by a BMI of 40 or higher. It is associated with a significantly increased risk of obesity-related health issues and may be an indication for bariatric surgery in some cases. It's important to recognize that these types of obesity are not mutually exclusive, and individuals may exhibit a combination of features. Obesity is a complex condition influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Effective obesity management typically involves addressing the underlying causes and tailoring treatment to the individual's specific needs and risk factors. Healthcare professionals can provide guidance on the most appropriate approach to managing obesity based on an individual's unique circumstances.

• Excessive body fat accumulation
• Shortness of breath
• Sweating
• Snoring
• Trouble while sleeping
• Skin problems
• Inability in performing some physical
• Fatigue
• Pain
• Psychological impact

• Eating disorders
• Fatty tissue deposits
• Stretch marks on hips and back
• Shortness of breath
• Sleep apnea
• Constipation
• GI reflux
• Orthopedic problem

• Genetics, which can affect the way your body processes food into energy and how fat is stored
• Getting older, which can lead to less muscle mass and a slower metabolic rate, making it easier to gain weight
• Not getting enough sleep, which can lead to hormonal changes that make you feel hungrier and crave certain high-calorie foods
• Pregnancy, as weight gain during pregnancy, can be difficult to lose and can eventually lead to obesity

• Polycystic ovary syndrome : Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition that causes an imbalance of female reproductive hormones.
• Prader-Willi syndrome : A rare condition present at birth that causes excessive hunger.
• Cushing's syndrome : A condition caused by having high levels of cortisol (the stress hormone) in your system.
• Hypothyroidism : Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough important hormones
• Osteoarthritis : Osteoarthritis (OA) and other pain, causing conditions that can lead to reduced activity

• Live in a neighborhood with limited healthy food options or with
• High-calorie food options, such as fast-food restaurants
• I have not yet learned to cook healthy meals
• Don't think you can afford healthier food
• You don't have a good place to play, walk, or exercise in your neighborhood

• Depression may lead to weight gain often, as some people can resort to emotional comfort food. The risk of weight gain can also be raised by such antidepressants.
• Quitting smoking is always a good thing, but quitting smoking can also lead to weight gain. In some people, it can lead to weight gain. For that reason, it is important to focus on diet and exercise while you quit smoking, at least after the initial period of abstinence.
• Medications can also increase the chance of weight gains, such as steroids or birth control pills.

• Type 2 Diabetes
• Heart disease
• High blood pressure
• Certain cancers (breast, colon, and endometrium)
• Stroke
• Gallbladder disease
• Fatty liver disease
• High cholesterol
• Sleep apnea and other breathing problems
• Arthritis
• Infertility

• Skinfold thickness testing
• Waist-to-hip comparisons
• Screening tests, such as ultrasounds, CT scans, and MRIs

Your physician can even prescribe such scans to help diagnose health hazards associated with obesity. These may include:

• Blood tests to check cholesterol and glucose levels
• Liver function tests
• A diabetes screening test
• Thyroid tests
• Heart tests, such as an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
• A measurement of the fat around your waist is also a good indicator of your risk for obesity-related diseases

• Healthy eating plan and regular physical activity
• Changing the habits
• WeightManagement programs
• Weight-loss drugs
• Bariatric surgery
• Special diets

• Regular Exercise: To avoid weight gain, you should get 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity movement every week. Fast walking and swimming are examples of moderately demanding physical activity.
• Follow a Healthy Diet: Low-calorie, nutrient-dense foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, should be prioritized. Limit your intake of saturated fat and sweets, as well as alcohol.
• Keep Track of Your Weight: People who weigh themselves at least once a week have a better chance of losing weight. Monitoring your weight can tell you if your efforts are paying off and can help you see little weight gain before it becomes a major issue.

• Consult a Healthcare Professional: Do seek guidance from a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian before starting any weight management plan.
• Set Realistic Goals: Do set achievable and realistic weight loss goals. Aim for gradual, steady progress rather than rapid weight loss.
• Adopt a Balanced Diet: Do focus on a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. Portion control is important.
• Regular Physical Activity: Do engage in regular physical activity that you enjoy. Aim for a combination of aerobic exercise and strength training.
• Stay Hydrated: Do drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated. Sometimes, thirst can be mistaken for hunger.
• Monitor Food Intake: Do keep a food diary to track your eating habits and identify areas for improvement.
• Get Adequate Sleep: Do prioritize getting enough sleep, as sleep plays a role in regulating appetite and metabolism.
• Seek Support: Do consider joining a support group or working with a therapist or counselor to address emotional eating and behavior modification.

• Don't Skip Meals: Don't skip meals, as this can lead to overeating later in the day. Aim for regular, balanced meals and snacks.
• Avoid Extreme Diets: Don't engage in extreme or crash diets, as they are often unsustainable and can be harmful to your health.
• Limit Processed Foods: Don't consume excessive amounts of processed and high-calorie, low-nutrient foods, such as sugary snacks, sodas, and fast food.
• Avoid Liquid Calories: Don't consume too many sugary or high-calorie beverages, including sugary drinks and excessive alcohol.
• Avoid Excessive Restriction: Don't excessively restrict yourself, as it can lead to feelings of deprivation and make it harder to maintain healthy eating habits.
• Don't Rely Solely on Supplements: Don't rely solely on weight loss supplements or pills without consulting a healthcare professional.
• Avoid Sedentary Lifestyle: Don't lead a sedentary lifestyle. Try to incorporate physical activity into your daily routine.
• Don't Neglect Emotional Well-Being: Don't neglect your emotional well-being. Address stress and emotional eating through healthy coping strategies and seeking support if needed.