What is Ethosuximide?
Ethosuximide is a prescription anticonvulsant medication used to manage seizures, particularly absence (petit mal) seizures, in both adults and children. It is available in two forms: oral capsules and an oral solution. The brand name for Ethosuximide oral capsules is Zarontin.
Ethosuximide Uses
Ethosuximide is primarily prescribed to control the absence of seizures in patients with epilepsy. It works by normalizing abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which helps reduce or prevent seizure occurrences. As a member of the anticonvulsant drug class, Ethosuximide is often used alone or in combination with other medications.
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Get A Second OpinionEthosuximide Side Effects
Common Side Effects:
Serious Side Effects:
- Allergic reactions (rash, hives, mouth sores, blistering/peeling skin)
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Fever, swollen glands
- Frequent infections
- Easy bruising
- Red or purple spots on the body
- Nosebleeds
If you experience serious side effects, seek immediate medical assistance. Most users do not experience significant side effects, but it is essential to monitor for any adverse reactions.
Precautions
Before starting Ethosuximide, inform your doctor if you have any allergies or medical conditions such as liver disease, kidney disease, or mood disorders. The medication contains inactive ingredients that could cause allergic reactions.
How to Take Ethosuximide
Ethosuximide should be taken orally, either as a capsule or syrup, typically once or multiple times daily. To maintain consistent blood levels, take it at the same time each day. Dosages vary by age and response:
- Children (3-6 years): Start with one 250 mg capsule daily.
- Children (6+ years) and Adults: Start with two 250 mg capsules daily, with gradual increases as needed.
Dosages over 1.5 grams daily require close medical supervision. Pediatric patients often need 20 mg/kg/day for optimal results.
Dosage Forms and Strengths
- Oral Capsule: 250 mg
- Initial Adult Dosage: 500 mg per day, with possible increases of 250 mg every 4-7 days until seizures are controlled.
Missed Dose
Missing a dose may not cause immediate issues, but consistency is key for effectiveness. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible. If it's near the time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not double up doses.
Overdose
Overdosing on Ethosuximide can lead to severe health problems. If an overdose is suspected, seek emergency medical help immediately.
Warnings for People with Serious Health Conditions
- Liver Disease: Use with caution as Ethosuximide can impact liver function.
- Kidney Disease: Excessive use can damage kidneys. Consult your doctor if you have kidney issues.
- Pregnancy: Ethosuximide may affect fertility and should only be used if the benefits outweigh the risks.
- Breastfeeding: Ethosuximide passes into breast milk and can harm a nursing baby. Discuss with your doctor before breastfeeding.
Storage
Store Ethosuximide at room temperature (68ºF to 77ºF / 20ºC to 25ºC) away from heat, moisture, and light. Keep it out of reach of children.
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Book an AppointmentEthosuximide vs. Keppra
Ethosuximide:
- Used primarily for absence seizures.
- Available as Zarontin (brand name).
- Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
Keppra (Levetiracetam):
- Used for partial-onset, tonic-clonic, and myoclonic seizures.
- Can be used alone or with other anticonvulsants.
- Common side effects include fatigue, increased blood pressure, and angioedema.
Consultation and Emergency
Always consult your doctor before starting or stopping Ethosuximide. In case of side effects or health concerns, seek immediate medical assistance.
Follow your prescription carefully and keep your medication accessible, especially while traveling, to manage any potential emergencies effectively.
