What is Gabapentin?
Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant medication used to control seizures in people with epilepsy. It also treats restless legs syndrome and various types of nerve pain. Some common brand names include Horizant, Gralise, and Neurontin. Gabapentin is available in different forms: capsules, tablets, and liquids.
Uses of Gabapentin
Gabapentin tablets are used to treat the following conditions:
- Postherpetic Neuralgia: Relieves stabbing pain or aches from nerve damage caused by shingles.
- Restless Legs Syndrome: Alleviates discomfort in the legs.
- Seizures: Treats focal seizures, often used with other seizure medications in adults with epilepsy.
Gabapentin can also be taken by children and adults to treat epilepsy.
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Side Effects of Gabapentin
Common Side Effects
Serious Side Effects
- Back pain
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Stomach issues
- Weight gain
- Increased appetite
- Blurry vision
- Bruising
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Flu-like symptoms
For children, serious side effects include:
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Mood changes
- Behavioral problems
- Hyperactivity
- Lack of concentration
Seek medical help immediately if you experience serious side effects or allergic reactions.
Precautions
Before starting Gabapentin, discuss the following with your doctor:
- Allergies and any current medications, including vitamins and herbal products.
- Use of antidepressants, antihistamines, anxiety medications, or other drugs.
- Existing health conditions such as liver disease, kidney disease, myasthenia gravis, heartbeat disorders, or low potassium levels.
Managing Side Effects
- Sleepiness or Dizziness: Consult your doctor to adjust the dosage.
- Nausea: Take Gabapentin with or after a meal and avoid spicy foods.
- Dry Mouth: Chew sugar-free gum.
- Headaches: Stay hydrated and avoid alcohol. Consult your doctor if headaches persist.
Dosage Instructions
Gabapentin is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and liquid. Follow your doctor's prescription for optimal dosage and administration.
Gabapentin Tablets
- Take with a full glass of water three times a day.
Gabapentin Syrup
- Shake well before use.
- Use a dosing spoon or measuring cup for accurate measurement.
- Rinse the measuring device before and after each use.
Dosage Forms
- Capsules: Available in 100mg, 300mg, and 400mg strengths.
Dosage for Postherpetic Neuralgia
Adult Dosage:
- Day 1: 300mg
- Day 2: 600mg (300mg twice a day)
- Day 3: 900mg (300mg three times a day)
- Maximum Dosage: 1800mg per day (600mg three times a day)
Missed Dose and Overdose
- Missed Dose: Missing one or two doses typically won't affect your body, but stay consistent with your medication schedule. Follow your doctor's advice if you miss a dose.
- Overdose: Seek immediate medical attention if you suspect an overdose.
Warnings
Gabapentin is generally safe when used as prescribed, but be aware of the following:
- Drowsiness and Depression
- Hypersensitivity and Allergy
- People with serious health conditions and Epilepsy should not stop Gabapentin suddenly to avoid medical emergencies like status epilepticus.
- Pregnant Women: Consult your doctor before taking Gabapentin during pregnancy.
- Breastfeeding: Gabapentin passes into breast milk and may cause side effects in breastfed children. Consult your doctor before use.
Storage Instructions
- Keep away from direct heat, air, and light.
- Store at room temperature between 68ºF and 77ºF (20ºC and 25ºC).
- Keep out of reach of children.
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