Advanced Bone Cancer Treatment and Expert Care
Bone tumors grow when cells in the bone divide uncontrollably, forming a mass of tissue. While most bone tumors are benign and do not spread to other areas of the body, they can still weaken the bones and lead to fractures or cause other problems. Bone cancer destroys normal bone tissue. It can start in the bone or spread from different parts of the body (called metastasis).
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Get A Second Opinion| Type of Bone Cancer | Description | Common Locations | Typical Age Group | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osteosarcoma | Most common type of bone cancer. | Long bones of the arms and legs | Children and young adults | Pain and swelling in the affected bones, increased pain at night, possible fractures |
| Chondrosarcoma | Cancer of the cartilage cells. | Pelvis, thigh, shoulders | Adults | Pain at the tumor site, swelling, limited range of motion, growth of a lump or mass |
| Ewing Sarcoma | Occurs in bones or soft tissue around the bones. | Pelvis, thigh, chest wall | Children and teenagers | Pain and swelling, fever, weight loss, fatigue, possible fractures |
| Fibrosarcoma | Starts in fibrous tissue of the bones. | Legs, arms, jaw | Middle-aged and older adults | Pain and swelling, palpable mass, limited range of motion, possible fractures |
| Chordoma | Rare cancer in the bones of the spine and base of the skull. | Spine, base of the skull | Adults | Pain, neurological symptoms due to spinal compression, bowel or bladder dysfunction |
| Adamantinoma | Rare cancer that typically occurs in the tibia (shin bone). | Tibia | Young adults | Pain and swelling in the shin area, possible fractures, visible lump |
| Giant Cell Tumor of Bone | Generally benign but can be aggressive and destroy bone. | Ends of long bones, particularly around the knee | Young adults | Pain, swelling, limited range of motion, possible fractures |
| Multiple Myeloma | Forms in plasma cells, affecting multiple bones. | Multiple bones | Older adults | Bone pain (especially in the spine or chest), frequent infections, fatigue, anemia, fractures |
Common Bone Cancer Symptoms
- Pain: Persistent pain in the affected bone, often worsening at night or with activity.
- Swelling: Noticeable swelling or a lump over the affected bone or joint.
- Fractures: Bones may become weak and break easily with minor injuries or no apparent reason.
- Limited movement: Reduced mobility or stiffness in the affected limb or joint.
- Unintended weight Loss: Unexplained weight loss without changes in diet or activity.
- Fatigue: Persistent tiredness or lack of energy.
- Fever: Occasional fever without any apparent infection.
- Night sweats: Experiencing night sweats without other illnesses.
- General malaise: A general feeling of being unwell or sick.
Causes of Bone Cancer
1. Genetic Mutations
- Inherited conditions: Some genetic disorders, such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, hereditary retinoblastoma, and neurofibromatosis type 1, increase the risk of bone cancer.
- Spontaneous mutations: Changes in the DNA of bone cells that occur without an inherited predisposition.
2. Previous Radiation Therapy
- Radiation exposure: Previous treatment with radiation for other cancers can increase the risk of developing bone cancer later.
3. Paget's Disease
- Bone condition: A bone disorder called Paget's disease of bone can lead to abnormal bone growth and increase the risk of bone cancer.
4. Benign Bone Conditions
- Pre-existing conditions: Some benign bone conditions, like osteochondromas or fibrous dysplasia, may have a small risk of transforming into bone cancer.
5. Gender and Age
- Age: Bone cancer is more common in younger individuals, particularly in those between 10 and 20 years old.
- Gender: Certain types of bone cancer, such as osteosarcoma, are more common in males than females.
6. Family History
- Genetic predisposition: Having a family history of bone cancer or related genetic conditions may increase the risk.
7. Environmental Factors
- Unknown causes: In some cases, the exact cause of bone cancer is not clear, and environmental factors might play a role.
8. Certain Bone Diseases
- Underlying conditions: Conditions that affect bone metabolism and structure may contribute to a higher risk of developing bone cancer.
Diagnosis of Bone Cancer
Medical History and Physical Exam
- Review symptoms like pain or swelling and conduct a physical examination.
Imaging Tests
- X-rays: Initial images to detect bone abnormalities.
- CT Scans: Detailed images to assess cancer extent.
- MRI Scans: Detailed images of bones and surrounding tissues.
- Bone Scintigraphy (Bone Scan): Identifies abnormal bone activity.
Biopsy
- Needle biopsy: Extract a tissue sample using a needle.
- Surgical biopsy: Removes a tissue sample via surgery.
- Analysis: Examines the sample for cancer cells.
Blood Tests
- Markers: Checks for elevated substances linked to bone cancer.
- CBC: Assesses overall health and detects abnormalities.
Bone Marrow Biopsy
- Evaluate if the cancer has spread to the bone marrow.
Staging and Grading
- Staging: Determines cancer spread.
- Grading: Assesses cancer aggressiveness.
Genetic Testing
- Identifies genetic mutations related to bone cancer.
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Book an AppointmentTreatment Options for Bone Cancer
Surgery
- Tumor removal: Surgical removal of the tumor and affected bone.
- Limb salvage: Surgery to remove the tumor while preserving the limb, often using prosthetics or grafts.
Radiation Therapy
- Targeted radiation: Uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors, especially if surgery isn't an option.
Chemotherapy
- Drug treatment: Uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells or stop their growth, often used before surgery (neoadjuvant) or after (adjuvant).
Targeted Therapy
- Focused treatment: Uses drugs or other substances to specifically target cancer cells with fewer effects on normal cells.
Hormone Therapy
- Hormone blocking: Used for certain types of bone cancer that are hormone-sensitive, such as some cases of osteosarcoma.
Immunotherapy
- Immune system boost: Helps the body's immune system recognize and attack cancer cells.
Bone Marrow Transplant
- Stem cell transplant: Replaces damaged bone marrow with healthy stem cells, usually after high-dose chemotherapy.
Palliative Care
- Symptom management: Focuses on relieving symptoms and improving quality of life for advanced cases.
Expert Bone Cancer Care at Medicover Hospital
At Medicover Hospital, our Bone Cancer Specialists are committed to delivering top-tier care and achieving outstanding outcomes for patients with bone cancer. Our team includes leading oncologists, surgeons, and support staff, all dedicated to providing exceptional, personalized treatment tailored to each patient's unique needs.
Our commitment to excellence is reflected in our successful outcomes and improved patient quality of life. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and start your path to recovery.
