Vaginal Bleeding Between Menstrual Cycles
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) refers to irregular or prolonged bleeding or periods from the Uterus, including heavier or lighter bleeding than usual and bleeding between periods. Any change in the duration of your period is considered abnormal uterine bleeding. Unexpected vaginal bleeding between regular menstrual cycles requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications.
Causes of Vaginal Bleeding
Normal vaginal bleeding, often known as a period, can last from a few days to a week. Any bleeding beyond seven days is considered unusual and can be due to numerous factors. Possible causes include:
Hormonal Imbalance
- Estrogen and progesterone regulate your cycle; disturbances can affect hormonal balance.
- Dysfunctional ovaries
- Thyroid gland problems
- Starting or stopping birth control pills
Pregnancy Complications
- Spotting, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy can cause bleeding.
- Ectopic Pregnancy: The fertilized egg is implanted in the fallopian tube instead of the Uterus, leading to bleeding.
- Spotting: This doesn't always indicate a miscarriage.
Uterine Fibroids
- Non-cancerous growths in the Uterus are common in women who have given birth.
Infection
- Vaginal bleeding between periods may indicate infection of the reproductive organs, causing inflammation and bleeding due to:
- Sexually transmitted infections
- Douching
- Intercourse
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
Cancer
- Affects the cervix, vagina, Uterus, or ovaries.
Other Rare Causes
- Inserting an object into the vagina
- Extreme stress
- Diabetes
- Thyroid disorders
- Significant weight gain or loss
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Get A Second OpinionDiagnosis of Vaginal Bleeding
Your doctor may review your medical history and conduct physical and pelvic exams to determine the source of irregular uterine bleeding.
The following tests can also help identify the causes:
- Complete Blood Count
- Pregnancy Test
- Ultrasound
- Hysteroscopy
- Biopsy
- MRI Imaging
Treatment of Vaginal Bleeding
Treatment options depend on the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding and may include:
Medications
- Hormonal Treatments: Birth control pills and other hormonal treatments regulate menstrual cycles and reduce period flow.
- GnRH Agonists: Prevent certain hormone production, temporarily shrinking fibroids.
- NSAIDs: Ibuprofen or naproxen before the period helps relieve bleeding.
- Tranexamic Acid: Pill that aids blood clotting and controls heavy uterine bleeding.
- IUD: Releases progestin to stop heavy bleeding and may stop periods altogether.
Surgical Options
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Book an AppointmentWhat are the Complications of Vaginal Bleeding?
Potential complications from abnormal uterine bleeding (vaginal discharge) include:
- Problems getting pregnant
- Anemia or blood loss
- Increased risk of endometrial cancer
When to see a Doctor?
Seek emergency medical attention if experiencing:
- Pain, fatigue, dizziness, or fever
- Frequent need to change pads/tampons or use double protection
- Passing large blood clots or showing signs of anemia
- Periods lasting over a week
Are There Any Home Remedies to Prevent Vaginal Bleeding?
Hydrate: Drink 4 to 6 extra cups of water daily, consider an electrolyte solution like Gatorade, or increase your salt intake.
Vitamin C-rich foods: Help absorb iron and prevent anemia.
- Oranges
- Grapefruits,
- Red
- Green peppers,
- kiwis
- Strawberries,
- Brussels sprouts,
- Broccoli,
- Tomato juice.
Iron-rich foods: To replenish lost iron, include lean meat, oysters, chicken, turkey, beans, tofu, spinach, and cook in a cast iron pot.
