Vaginal dryness is a common condition that many women experience at some point in their lives. This health problem is mostly seen in older women. It occurs when the vagina lacks proper lubrication, leading to discomfort and sometimes pain during intercourse. This usually happens as a result of low estrogen levels right before and right after menopause.
Vaginal dryness is present when the tissues of the vagina are not well lubricated and in good health.
The main cause of vaginal dryness is low estrogen levels. Women start to produce less estrogen as they get older. This leads to the end of menstruation during a period called perimenopause.
However, menopause is not the only condition that results in decreased estrogen production. Other causes include:
Certain cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy to the pelvis, hormone therapy, or chemotherapysurgical removal of the ovaries.
Certain medications can also reduce secretions in the body. Douching can also cause dryness and irritation, as can some creams and lotions applied to the vaginal area.
There are different ways to treat vaginal dryness, depending on its cause:
Medication options
This estrogen agonist/antagonist is the only oral product approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of vaginal dryness and moderate to severe dyspareunia (painful intercourse). It is not recommended for people with breast cancer or those at high risk.
This vaginal suppository can help relieve painful intercourse.
Available as a tablet, cream, vaginal suppository, or ring placed directly in the vagina, it can relieve symptoms of vaginal dryness.
Medication options
Alternative and complementary therapies
See your doctor when you experience:
If you suffer from vaginal dryness due to changes in your hormone levels, creams, gels, patches, or medications to increase a hormone called estrogen may be prescribed for you. This is called HRT.
There are several ways to deal with vaginal dryness that involve simple lifestyle changes:
Synthetic underwear can be sticky, make vaginal irritation worse, and restrict airflow. People should choose cotton underwear, which promotes good air circulation and allows the vagina to "breathe".
Vaginal dryness can be treated with over-the-counter lubricants and moisturizers for temporary relief, while hormone therapy prescribed by a healthcare provider can help replenish estrogen levels and improve long-term lubrication.
Vaginal dryness can be caused by various factors, including hormonal changes (such as menopause, childbirth, or breastfeeding), certain medications, health conditions (like Sjogren's syndrome or endometriosis), emotional stress, irritants (such as scented soaps or douches), aging, and insufficient sexual arousal.
Vaginal dryness can feel uncomfortable, often accompanied by itching, burning, or irritation in the vaginal area. During intercourse, it can cause pain or discomfort due to friction, leading to an overall sensation of dryness and discomfort.
To overcome vaginal dryness, consider using over-the-counter lubricants or moisturizers during intercourse and discuss hormone therapy options with a healthcare provider to recharge estrogen levels and improve long-term lubrication.
To avoid vaginal dryness, stay hydrated, avoid irritants like scented soaps, and consider using water-based lubricants during intercourse for added moisture and comfort. Additionally, maintain regular sexual activity to promote natural lubrication
