Lichen planus is a skin disorder characterised by an itchy, non-infectious inflammatory rash. The rash appears as small, many-sided, flat-topped lesions that are typically pink or purple in color. These lesions can manifest on the skin or mucous membranes of various parts of the body.
The exact cause of Lichen Planus is not fully understood, but it is often associated with immune system reactions triggered by different factors.
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Cutaneous Lichen Planus: Manifests as itchy, flat-topped, and often purplish lesions on the skin.
Oral Lichen Planus: Presents as white, lacy patches or sores in the mouth.
Lichen Planopilaris: Affects hair follicles, potentially leading to hair loss and scalp discomfort.
Nail Lichen Planus: Causes ridges, grooves, and changes in the appearance of nails.
Vulvovaginal-gingival Lichen Planus: Affects sensitive areas like the vulva, vagina, and gums.
What are the Symptoms of Lichen Planus?
Symptoms of Lichen Planus can vary depending on the type and location of the lesions. Common symptoms include:
Persistent itching
Red or purple polygonal bumps
Blistering and swelling
Nail scarring or loss.
Soreness or irritation in the mouth or genital areas
Hair loss (in cases of Lichen planopilaris)
Damage to the nails
Nail scarring or loss.
Dark lines from the tip of the nail to the base.
When to see a doctor?
It's advisable to consult a healthcare provider if you experience persistent itching, rash, or other symptoms that may indicate Lichen Planus. Early diagnosis can lead to more effective treatment outcomes.
Lichen Planus cannot be cured, but various treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce discomfort. These may include topical or oral medications to reduce inflammation and itching.
Can Lichen Planus affect other parts of the body besides the skin and mouth?
While Lichen Planus commonly affects the skin and oral mucosa, it can also involve other areas such as nails, scalp (causing Lichen Planopilaris), genitals, and mucous membranes of the eyes and esophagus in some cases.
Are there specific triggers that can worsen Lichen Planus symptoms?
Yes, triggers such as stress, certain medications (like beta-blockers and NSAIDs), allergens, infections, and possibly even dental procedures can exacerbate Lichen Planus symptoms.
Can Lichen Planus affect children or infants?
Although less common, Lichen Planus can affect children and infants. It may present differently and require specialized care from a pediatric dermatologist.
What is the best treatment for skin lichen planus?
The best treatment for skin lichen planus usually includes corticosteroid creams or ointments to reduce inflammation and itching. In more severe cases, doctors may recommend oral medications or light therapy. It’s important to consult a dermatologist for personalised treatment.
What should I discuss with my doctor if I suspect I have Lichen Planus?
It's important to discuss your symptoms in detail, any recent changes in medications or dental treatments, your medical history (including any autoimmune diseases), and any concerns about potential triggers or worsening symptoms.
Can Lichen Planus cause hair loss?
Lichen planus on the scalp (known as Lichen Planopilaris) can indeed lead to hair loss. It typically results in scarring alopecia, where hair follicles are damaged and replaced with scar tissue. If not treated promptly, this can lead to permanent hair loss.